Combining Philosophers

All the ideas for Plotinus, Michael Frede and Richard Breheny

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27 ideas

1. Philosophy / C. History of Philosophy / 2. Ancient Philosophy / e. Late classical philosophy
23326 In the third century Stoicism died out, replaced by Platonism, with Aristotelian ethics [Frede,M]
23335 In late antiquity nearly all philosophers were monotheists [Frede,M]
1. Philosophy / C. History of Philosophy / 3. Earlier European Philosophy / b. Early medieval philosophy
16137 Earlier views of Aristotle were dominated by 'Categories' [Frede,M]
2. Reason / A. Nature of Reason / 1. On Reason
23249 The early philosophers thought that reason has its own needs and desires [Frede,M]
7. Existence / A. Nature of Existence / 3. Being / f. Primary being
21812 Being is the product of pure intellect [Plotinus]
21817 The One does not exist, but is the source of all existence [Plotinus]
21824 The One is a principle which transcends Being [Plotinus]
7. Existence / A. Nature of Existence / 3. Being / g. Particular being
21813 Number determines individual being [Plotinus]
9. Objects / E. Objects over Time / 9. Ship of Theseus
16157 Insurance on the original ship would hardly be paid out if the plank version was wrecked! [Frede,M]
15. Nature of Minds / A. Nature of Mind / 5. Unity of Mind
5506 If soul was like body, its parts would be separate, without communication [Plotinus]
15. Nature of Minds / B. Features of Minds / 2. Unconscious Mind
21827 The movement of Soul is continuous, but we are only aware of the parts of it that are sensed [Plotinus]
16. Persons / D. Continuity of the Self / 2. Mental Continuity / b. Self as mental continuity
21828 A person is the whole of their soul [Plotinus]
16. Persons / F. Free Will / 2. Sources of Free Will
23333 The idea of free will achieved universal acceptance because of Christianity [Frede,M]
23334 For Christians man has free will by creation in God's image (as in Genesis) [Frede,M]
23337 The Stoics needed free will, to allow human choices in a divinely providential cosmos [Frede,M]
17. Mind and Body / A. Mind-Body Dualism / 1. Dualism
21809 Our soul has the same ideal nature as the oldest god, and is honourable above the body [Plotinus]
21825 The soul is outside of all of space, and has no connection to the bodily order [Plotinus]
20. Action / B. Preliminaries of Action / 2. Willed Action / a. Will to Act
23336 There is no will for Plato or Aristotle, because actions come directly from perception of what is good [Frede,M]
22. Metaethics / A. Ethics Foundations / 2. Source of Ethics / b. Rational ethics
21826 The Soul reasons about the Right, so there must be some permanent Right about which it reasons [Plotinus]
22. Metaethics / C. The Good / 2. Happiness / a. Nature of happiness
6922 Ecstasy is for the neo-Platonist the highest psychological state of man [Plotinus, by Feuerbach]
26. Natural Theory / A. Speculations on Nature / 6. Early Matter Theories / e. The One
21814 How can multiple existence arise from the unified One? [Plotinus]
21815 Because the One is immobile, it must create by radiation, light the sun producing light [Plotinus]
21816 Soul is the logos of Nous, just as Nous is the logos of the One [Plotinus]
27. Natural Reality / A. Classical Physics / 1. Mechanics / c. Forces
15313 By 'force' I mean the sources of all actions - sometimes called 'powers' by their outcomes [Breheny]
28. God / B. Proving God / 3. Proofs of Evidence / b. Teleological Proof
21808 Soul is author of all of life, and of the stars, and it gives them law and movement [Plotinus]
29. Religion / A. Polytheistic Religion / 4. Dualist Religion
23313 The Gnostic demiurge (creator) is deluded, and doesn't care about us [Frede,M]
29. Religion / D. Religious Issues / 2. Immortality / b. Soul
21811 Even the soul is secondary to the Intellectual-Principle [Nous], of which soul is an utterance [Plotinus]